INCLUSIVE DEMOCRATIC NEPAL

Tuesday, 15 May 2007

Motion In The House

THE Communist Party of Nepal ( Maoists) has registered a eight point motion in the legislature parliament calling, among others, for the declaration of republicanism from the parliament itself. Moreover, the Maoist legislators presented a collection of over one million signatures to the Speaker of the Parliament to build the strong case in favour of republicanism and also press for declaring the country a republic. While presenting the collection of signatures, Maoist legislators pointed out that the country is making major strides towards republicanism and there is no point in keeping delays to declare Nepal a republican state. The stance of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoists) has always been to fight monarchy which it labels as a vestige of feudalism and create a republican state without monarchy or the institution of Kingship. The party fought the people's war over a decade with a view to smash feudalism and take the country to the era of republicanism. The party strategy defines the contradiction between feudalism and Nepalese people as the principal form of conflict and it can be resolved, according to it, with the establishment of republicanism in the country.

Not only the Maoists but other democratic party leaders have been talking time and again about what is said as the antithetical relationship between the monarchy and democracy in Nepal. It is argued that the monarchy has consistently maintained its hegemony in the political and social arena of the country and it cannot go together with democracy and human freedom. There may be several arguments for and against monarchy in the present context of Nepal and the national Parliament will definitely scrutinize the pros and cons of monarchy in this country since the motion to this effect has already been registered in the national parliament. What need not be overlooked is the fact that the interim constitution sets forth that the first meeting of the constituent assembly shall take decision with respect to monarchy. It would be prudent to wait till the election to the constituent assembly is held and let the first meeting of the constituent assembly decide about the destiny of monarchical institution. As it is a sensitive and delicate issue of a sovereign concern of the people, an elected and popularly mandated institution should take decision regarding this subject.

Source: The Rising Nepal, May 15, 2007

More Share To Women

PRIME Minister Girija Prasad Koirala has assured that women would get more shares in all sectors after the election to a constituent assembly, which would ensure a genuine inclusive democracy with due participation and representation of all sectors. Talking to representatives of Nepal Women's Association in Kathmandu the other day, Prime Minister Koirala said that women would have at least one-third representation in all sectors including parliament after the constituent assembly election. Prime Minister Koirala's remarks carry special significance and meaning as the country is preparing for the constituent assembly election to institutionalise the achievements of the Jana Andolan II. Inclusive democracy is the political agenda of all parties, in which all sections and sectors of the country have due representation. Women constitute almost half of the total population of the country. The contribution of women in the national economy is significant. However, their contribution has not been fully recognised. Although the constitutional and legal measures have ensured equal opportunities for all and prohibited any kind of discrimination on the ground of sex, women are exploited and discriminated in practice. It is more so in the rural areas.

Women have been denied opportunities on all fronts. It is because of the age-old traditional and cultural bias against women. Moreover, the lack of due representation of women in political and decision-making level has been attributed to the poor condition of women in Nepal. The discrimination against women is a violation of constitution, national and international laws. Women are equally bonafide citizens of the country and they deserve equal rights and opportunities. But things have started to change recently. The women's rights has emerged as an important political and human rights agenda, thanks to the national and iternational movement for the rights of the women. In Nepal, the Jana Andolan II has been a turning point for the rights and opportunities of women. As per the spirit of inclusive democracy, all political parties have agreed to give at least one-third seats and share to women in political and decision -making level. Representation is an important step towards empowering women. So this process has already started. It is obvious that the country cannot make progress if the half of the population is denied their rights and opportunities. Thus, the rights of women is not the issue of women alone. It is the issue of society and the country. As observed by Prime Minister, early efforts must be made to ensure more seats and share for women to empower and bring them into the national mainstream.

Source: The Rising Nepal, May 15, 2007

Prachanda warns against undermining Maoist strength

Maoist chairman Prachanda has warned 'domestic and foreign reactionaries' against undermining the strength of the Maoists and misconstruing their flexibility for weakness. Addressing a meet of All Nepal People's Health Workers in Lalitpur, on Saturday, Prachanda said his party had abandoned some of its positions for progressive march, which, he warned, should not be misread as their weakness. "There is no justification for our People's Liberation Army to suffer in cantonments if the parliament does not announce republic," he said. Prachanda added that responsibility of any consequence resulting from PLA's march out of cantonment will rest on seven parties.

At another meeting held to welcome the merger of Bhim Bahadur Kathayat-led Loktantrik Ganatantrik Morcha with the Maoists, Prachanda said that all forces were trying to push the Maoists to the wall. "We have said we will not return to war if things move ahead through the peace process. But some reactionaries are trying to suppress us by taking this as our weakness and thinking that we will not return to war," he said. "It will be a blunder on their part. We will leave no one. Wherever you go, we will be there," he threatened.

Prachanda reiterated the need to forge larger communist unity. "We have no ego. We want communist unity based on new thought. Those against the unity in the UML must be exposed," he said. Prachanda also recalled that he had two rounds of talks with late Prince Dhirendra. "Birendra (late King) and Dhirendra were liberal and nationalist," he said. Prachanda also revealed that his party used to take advantage of disputes among parliamentary parties in the past. Sitting ministers had aided Maoists in the past, he said without taking any name.

At the programme, Kathayat was welcomed by Prachanda and Dr. Bhattarai into the Maoist fold. Kathayat's outfit is the latest to merge with the Maoists. Two days ago, another Republic Front led by Dr. Ram Man Shrestha had merged with the Maoists. Likewise, Keshab Nepal-led Communist Party of Nepal (CPN-2006) had merged with the Maoists a few months ago. The Maoists are planning to induct another leftist outfit led by veteran communist leader Krishna Das in a few days.

Even as Prachanda has been reiterating his call for larger communist unity, Madhav Kumar Nepal, general secretary of UML – the largest mainstream communist party – has once again scoffed at the idea. On Saturday, Nepal ruled out the possibility of unity with the Maoists in near future. "Owing to different viewpoint of looking at Marxism, international situation and domestic reasons, unity is impossible at this point," Nepal said.

Source: Nepal News, May 13, 2007

Republicanism new basis for 8-party unity: Prachanda

LALITPUR, May 12: Chairman of Nepal Communist Party-Maoist, Prachanda has warned that his party would be compelled to take harsh decision if the flexibilities that they have shown for the establishment of republican democracy were taken as their weaknesses. In an interaction programme, organised here today by All Nepal People?s Health-workers? Association on ?Nationality and Role of Health-workers in the Movement for Republican Democracy?, Chairman Prachanda said Maoist is the party that takes decision after scientific analysis of the situation and decisions to be taken would be on the side of the people. Stating that there were efforts to intentionally dillydally the election to constituent assembly, he said the base for the new unity among eight political parties would be the declaration of republic by the parliament. ?Unity among eight parties is still essential to root-out monarchy,? he said ?and the unity to be forged hereafter should be based on new foundation and thus we have forwarded the proposal to declare republic from the parliament.?

?Maoists are not easily accepting order of seven political parties being deaf and dumb,? he added ?they are impatient to make more achievement with lesser damage.? Stating that Nepali politics could not be free from foreign interference and influence, he said his party has been working to liberate the country form foreign authoritarianism. Alleging that the government could not be serious for the sensitive fields like public health, he indicated the need of national health policy for overall reform in health sector. On the occasion, representative of civil societies Dr. Sundar Mani Dixit said Nepali people had suffered from sporadic movements and stressed that such movement should be ended.Prof. Dr. Mathura Prasad Shrestha said political leadership should not ignore people?s desire for change. Dr. Sharad Wanta said healthworkers should also be engaged in the movement for establishment of republican democracy.

Meanwhile in Bhaktapur, CPN-Maoist Central Member and Kathmandu Valley Bureau In-Charge Hitman Shakya said declaration of the republicanism from the Legislative Parliament would be the only alternative if the Constituent Assembly (CA) election could not be held within the stipulated time frame. Speaking at the political training programme organised the Young Communist League-Nepal, Bhaktapur District Committee here yesterday, he said the establishment of the republicanism was the only wish of the Nepali people. Stating that regressive forces in and outside the country are hatching their conspiracies not to be the CA elections successful, he said new direction to the country should be given by ending such conspiracies. At the programme, Bhaktapur District Secretary Diwakar appealed all the people to be prepare for Jana Andolan-3 in order to fulfill their strong desire of establishing democratic republic. He said the alliance of the eight parties has been broken up due to the inability to hold CA elections within the specific duration and pointed out on the need of new political agreement to move ahead. On the occasion, various leaders of the Maoists had expressed their views.

Source: The Rising Nepal, May 13, 2007

Environment Conservation And Development

S.K. Shrestha

ENVIRONMENT and development have close relationships. In the present context, they are like the two faces of a coin. Sources of environment such as land, water, vegetation are utilized in development works. While constructing roads, natural condition such as land, forest etc are cut and leveled. The development activities bring change in environment. The environment should not be degraded by conducting unreasonable development works. Human poverty is an obstacle for environmental conservation. The development and environment conservation activities must go forward in an integrated way. Moreover, environmental degradation has an adverse impact on development process. There must be environment conservation for meaningful development work.

Classification
Infrastructures of development are classified as human resources, physical, social and economic aspects. Skilled manpower is needed to conduct development works in the different sectors such as education, health, agriculture, communication, science and technology etc. Additional development activities become easy due to the development of infrastructures such as roads, bridges, canals, drainage systems, buildings, electricity and communication facilities, etc. They help in communicating the information to accelerate the development ahead. It is quite essential to develop the social aspect as infrastructures to conduct development works effectively. The decision making power, interest to work and desire for participation are to be developed in the people of present organizations, for making them self?dependent and efficient in their works. The development activities are different according to economic investment. The investment is needed to make infrastructure for physical and social development. The formation of development infrastructures help in executing development works in the country.The most dependable media for development in countries like Nepal is industrial development. Our country being a predominantly an agricultural country, industrial development can be made using agricultural products. We must give priority to industrial development which has much role to mobilize the use of human resources and other resources of the country. It helps to raise the economic and social status of the people. Such development has a great role in Nepal with poor economic condition. There is a great importance of cottage industries along with large scale industries also in our country. Cottage industry is essential to make use of local environmental resources. The large scale industries like jute, sugar, cement, paper etc help in the economic development of the country. These industries are not running smoothly due to the prevailing situation in the country. These industries are related with the environment. So, special attention has to be paid for industrial development along with environmental conservation and protection.

The industry, people and environment are related to one another. So, the importance of industry deals with production of raw materials and use, development of human resource, employment opportunity, production of goods, improvement in standard of living, economic development and mobilization of private sectors. Both the government bodies and the private sector should be encouraged to invest and run various types of industries. It leads to competition in the private sector for the development of the industries. It stimulates the efficiency in industrial development of private sectors. The investment of private sector in Nepal for the development of the country is required to be increased in the present situation.The development works of the country are correlated with environment. The people get benefits on the one hand and on the other there are some adverse effects on the environment. Such adverse impacts can be alleviated by arranging necessary means, resources and instruments. The local people should also be involved in the development activities so that poverty can be alleviated through employment generation to them. They are also required to be provided environmental education to minimize adverse impacts on environment while carrying out development tasks in the particular sector. The effects on environment caused by development works can be found from construction works and industrial works. These effects on environment due to construction activities are degradation of the ecosystem, destruction of natural resources, degradation of agricultural land, diminution in the shelter of creatures, change in natural structure and scenery obstruction. Such effects should be minimized with proper planning and management of these activities.

Nexus
Industrial development is the backbone of the development of the country but it is lacking due to instability in the prevailing situation of our nation. Development helps the economic and social status of the people. Besides, various kind of environmentally adverse effects are also seen. Thus, environment conservation must be given attention when executing any development work. Environmental act with rules and regulation should be strictly followed while carrying out development activities in any field. The present government should pay due attention in this regard. Stable political environment is also required for development together with the conservation of the environment.

Source: The Rising Nepal, May 14, 2007

Nepal's Maoist Militia In Mufti

John Child

The Young Communist League has been called both a youth service corps and a gang of neo-Nazi thugs. It is neither. It is the Maoist militia, reorganized for the final phase of their war.In January 1921 the second convention of the Communist International passed a resolution forming the Young Communist League as an integral part of the worldwide Communist struggle, because, the resolution stated, "youth are a part - an essential party - of the revolutionary movement." The YCL still draws idealistic leftist youth to branches in the US, Canada, England, and South Africa, where they volunteer for liberal service organizations, hand out leaflets, and stage small demonstrations.

The Nepal YCL, formed in January 2007, just days before Maoists joined the interim parliament, share a few things in common with their counterparts in other countries: They have protested and issued statements, and they have put forward a public-service face, nabbing smugglers and the leakers of a national school exam paper, cleaning up garbage, clearing out the touts that plague Kathmandu airport, and directing traffic.
From there, Nepal's young Communists part company with their international comrades. In Kathmandu, company owners and managers have been beaten and abducted over "donations" and labor disputes. According to complaints from the business community, extortion has risen to new heights. From rural Nepal, new reports surface almost daily of YCL bullying reporters, trashing government offices, fighting with police and break-away Maoist factions, abducting people, and seizing land.

The pattern is familiar to Nepalis: This Maoist militia has a new name and wear civvies, but their job is the same. On April 29 Maoist supremo Prachanda said that the Maoists' republican drive would encompass, "street, parliament, and government." It's clear which part of the Maoist organization will be in the streets.
And the YCL will have some official support for their activities. On the same day that Dahal spoke, Maoist Minister of Information and Communications Krishna Mahara issued instructions to government media to report positively on the Maoists and to "shun news critical of the party or the YCL."
Less than two weeks later Mahara was forced to admit in a press conference that violent acts "committed in the name of YCL or others are always deplorable." The next day Prachanda promised that YCL cadres would not participate in "unruly or violent activities," and Prime Minister Koirala said he would come up with a stronger plan to reign them in.

If Nepal's YCL members were like their idealistic counterparts in other countries, promises and plans might work. But this YCL isn't composed of excitable youth. It's the product of the Maoist leadership, doing their bidding and following their plan. Public opinion could force the Maoists to tone down the YCL's campaign a bit, but their war isn't over yet.

Source: News Blaze, May 12, 2007

Koirala's Stand On Monarchy : Republic, But Gradually

Geja Sharma Wagle

At a time when the leaders of the political parties have been engaging on contentious issue whether or not the interim legislature declare a republic state, Prime Minister and President of the Nepali Congress (NC) Girija Prasad Koirala has cautiously revealed that Nepal has already moved into a republic setup and the republic would be established gradually. Prime Minister Koirala has opined that receiving the credential of the foreign ambassadors by the prime minister is a historic event and a strong philosophical foundation for establishing a democratic republic. Addressing the party men in the capital, Koirala had divulged that the Eight-Party Alliance (EPA) should gradually strip away all the powers of the King and finally declare a republic. As per his analysis, the democratic republic is inevitable but it will take some more time.

Expectation

The Nepali people, all the political parties, and civil society had expected a clear policy regarding the monarchy, restructuring of the state, and the federal structure of the nation. But the-much-media-hyped meetings of the NC presidents did not take any significant political decision, especially regarding the monarchy and federalism. However, Prime Minister Koirala made an ambiguous but strategic statement regarding the monarchy and establishing a republic. He neither turned down the republic proposal as proposed by the prominent cadres nor advocated in favor of 'ceremonial King' as he did in the past. In fact, he strategically opined that the democratic republic should be established gradually rather than hurriedly probably considering the future election strategy. But he outrightly rejected the proposal that has demanded to declare the republic by the interim legislature by the communist parties.

Probably, considering the implication of the declaration, international opinions, and the legitimacy of the declaration, he turned down the controversial proposal of the communist parties. Referring to the interim constitution, he argued that the much-awaited constituent assembly (CA) elections will decide all the centuries-old controversial political, social, and constitutional issues of Nepal including the fate of the monarchy permanently. And the constituent assembly will draft a democratic and inclusive constitution and a complete democracy will be established as per the wishes of the Nepali people. Underlining the historical contributions of the NC for establishing democracy and people's supremacy since 1950, he has expressed the firm commitment to hold the CA elections in November at any cost and which would draft a new democratic constitution respecting the wishes of the people. Considering the political sensitivity in the given situation, he answered both ceremonial monarchists and republicans by the very ambiguous statement. It seems he is trying to follow a centrist policy to defuse the extreme polarization between the monarchists and republicans for democracy and the party to survive. Had the NC decided either for ceremonial monarch or republic, there might be extreme polarization between the ceremonial monarchists and republicans. And the possible polarization might have been harmful for the NC politically as well as strategically because an extreme polarization between the extreme left and extreme right is always detrimental for the centrist.

Not only strategically but ideologically as well, the NC would not be in favor of monarchy and would be in favor of establishing democratic republic, people's supremacy, and rule of law. It is the NC that has been fighting against the monarchy and in favor of democracy since 1950. It is the NC that has overthrown the tyrannical Rana regime and established democracy in 1950 through popular movement. Similarly, the NC has established democracy in 1990. Likewise, under the leadership of the NC the historic people's peaceful movement 2006 had put an end to the despotic regime of King Gyanendra and established democracy. Therefore, it is the NC which has been fighting against the authoritarian monarchy for establishing democracy and people's supremacy since a long time. However, the NC has been following a multiparty democracy and constitutional monarchical policy since its inception. Due to its constitutional monarchical policy, it did not bring an end to monarchy and did not establish a democratic republic in 1950 and 1990 terming it as a symbol of national unity. The NC did believe in the past that a democracy and monarchy could go together and it would not pose any harm to democracy. Had the NC decided against the monarchy, a democratic republic would have been established in 1950 or 1990. But the NC did not decide against the monarchy and the out-dated monarchy had been given a rebirth. But the power hungry kings proved the NC wrong and whenever they got a chance they attacked democracy and the NC, time and again, and they took over power.

In fact, the NC fought against, the then Rana authoritarian regime, despotic and autocratic kings, tyrannical Panchayat, and totalitarian dictator Gyanendra. But the NC never compromised against the democratic principles. Realizing these very realities, the NC deleted its out-dated constitutional monarchical policy from its preamble for the first time in its history. In fact, it is the considerable policy shift towards the democratic republic. Analyzing the evolution to the policy towards the democratic republic gradually and the given political situation, the NC would not be back and it will gradually move towards the republic era as outlined by Koirala. The NC has understood that the monarchy is a past and the republic is the future because the interim constitution has already suspended King Gyanendra. The NC will not be a captive of the past but will be a herald of the future.Whether the NC should declare that it is in favor of republic or not, it is a most controversial debate within the NC at the moment. But, as a responsible political party that has the faith and trust of the Nepali people and the entire international community, NC should take a responsible political decision considering the volatile political situation and the international concerns. Therefore, the NC and the interim government should take a less risky and more acceptable decision to the people. Therefore, as defined by Koirala, the gradual evolution of republic might be the best strategy at the moment for the survival of democracy.

Question

The declaration of the republic from the Interim Legislature might be a controversial decision. There might raise the question over the legitimacy of the proclamation and international community might be divided. Considering the implication of the proclamation, the government should take a legitimate decision. Democracy is not only a declaration; it is a system, people's mandate, and the due process of law.

Source: The Rising Nepal, May 15, 2007

Social standing

Sagar S Rana

King Gyanendra’s actions that eventually led to his takeover of total authority of the state in February 2005 was against the very fundamentals of the democratic process and the Constitution of the nation. Instead of bringing stability as he had expected, under his leadership, the royal coup united the people of Nepal against him and galvanised the ongoing movement aimed at his ouster and for restoration of democracy. The 12-point Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) of November 22 the same year, between the seven political parties that led the peaceful Jana Andolan II and the Maoists who had waged an armed struggle, was the natural sequel to King Gyanendra’s blunder.

It took some time for the people at large to digest the message of the MOU and for the eight parties to work out a modus operandi but the movement gained momentum slowly at first, spread throughout the country and rose to a crescendo in the streets of Kathmandu. The unprecedented mass of humanity surging from all directions forced the King to surrender back the powers he had usurped from the people. This well-documented chain of events needs to be repeated here to drive home the relevance of the MOU as a document akin to a Charter for the People of Nepal. The governments that have followed claim rightly that their legitimacy is derived from the will of the people as expressed by the successful culmination of the Jana Andolan II, but at the same time they must accept the MOU as a mandate within which they should function — a social contract they cannot neglect.

The basic goals set by the MOU reflected the aspirations of the people for peace, a democratic system of governance and restructuring of the state with a view to empowering the marginalised sections created by the feudal society. The constituent assembly (CA) was seen as the instrument or mechanism to bring about these changes. It appears some of the leaders of the eight parties are either confused or trying to confuse the people by loud claims that postponement of the CA elections destroys the fundamental aims of the people’s mandate. Means or mechanism to reach the end is being confused with the goals. Indeed, by acting in haste to set totally unrealistic deadlines, whether be it the inclusion of the Maoists in the parliament, or in the government, for adoption of the Interim Constitution, or the date of the CA elections, they have created confusion and administrative chaos that could and should have been avoided through more mature decisions. Within less than two months since the Interim Constitution came into being, more than 60 amendments have been made.

By not involving the marginalised and neglected sections of society in the decision-making process, the rulers, new and old, have lost the trust of the very people whose ‘inclusion’ was one of the main motivational forces of Jana Andolan II. Dissatisfaction turned into violent eruptions in case of one such group, the Madhesis. Other such movements by, for example, Janajatis and Dalits cannot be ruled out. The Maoists have not been able to change their mindset or pattern of behaviour and continue activities of coercion, destruction or forceful occupation of public or private properties and use of force. They are doing so despite their comrades holding ministerial posts in the government.The Prime Minister could have refrained from proclaiming that the elections will be held under any condition within the stipulated date. The government should have concentrated on preparing the prerequisite laws. Preoccupied with the self -imposed deadlines, the government has failed to address the more urgent and important aspects of process and procedure, which influence the quality of the end product.

The Election Commission had no option but to recommend the inevitable postponement. Commonsense would suggest that the eight parties should have sat together to determine a more realistic new date and then set about the task of implementation and creating a conducive atmosphere for CA polls. But instead, the rhetoric of blaming each other or the vague ‘external forces’ or the ‘regressive elements’ is in full flow. The parliament cannot function as legislators disrupt its normal working. Lawlessness prevails within and outside the parliament. Indeed it appears to the public that it is the political parties that are hell bent on creating the impasse and confusion.There is talk of ‘Left unity’. Not an unnatural process in the normal course of events, but a perilous move that would break the eight-party unity, the very basis for the process of peace and the roadmap set by the MOU. At all costs, such misadventure should be avoided. If the leaders fail the people, they will face their wrath. The regressive elements can rise again, foreign powers may be more active in the country and the people will rise again if the parties fail to unite and deliver.

Rana is CWC member, NC(D)Uday LamaAn individual’s standing is judged by his contributions to society. There is no other yardstick of measurement or evaluation of performance, as far as being with it in the mainstream of activities is concerned. Not the means by which he achieves the end or the methods employed in keeping busy.As a member of society, he is expected to give in a manner befitting his position and status to share his know-how, experience and expertise so that others may benefit. This enables him to carve out a niche and make possible a return of the investment in relationships though setbacks cannot be envisaged. What he does to act as an entity marks him out and accords self-esteem and self-worth which are values to be inculcated through personal sacrifice and hard work. Thus acclaim can be had and given due place by way of reckoning, though a self-seeking person may forsake recognition for cheap popularity and short-term gains.An effort at socialising proves the individual’s mettle; not the ones that are avowed but those that are judged by others. To communicate on a relationship based on respect is the only way to develop and avoid a compromise. Thus a fellow-feeling is brought about.

The true test is in realising how far he can go in seeking the consent of others in agreements and contracts. Only a nod of approval will pave the way for future actions taken on behalf of vested interests. Not the least is the due process in which it is undertaken.The social ladder determines who is going to be up there in the top echelon or occupy the lower rungs. In between are the majority of middle class households and their dependants. There is no indicator of what makes a person a social success. Personal attributes are of course required. Next come contacts which make it possible to reach out to those whose good offices can be relied upon. To a socialite nothing is so important. Perhaps a chance word here or a little chit-chat there can settle matters.One can channelise energy and the urge to do better to gain promotion, or acquire other perks and privileges in line with one’s social standing. Colleagues are responsible for seeing how these should come about. And their goodwill necessary if one is to forge ahead.

Source: The Himalayan Times, May 15, 2007

Nepal: People’s Third Movement In The Offing

Siddhi B. Ranjitkar

Some political parties particularly the Nepali Congress (NC) and Nepali Congress-Democratic (NC-D) had been conspiring against the peace process, and had already called off the election for a constituent assembly that would have put back the derailed democracy on track. These political leaders posturing as the democrats had been trying every possible ploy to preserve the monarchy, as if they would not survive without monarchy. They had already let the army play the discarded national anthem to honor Gyanendra, let the army chief meet the king in secret, and had increased the difference between the pro-republican and pro-monarchists. These leaders were not for peace, as it had revealed by their activities. They had no love for the country but only for power. The possibility of return of chaos in Nepal again had been looming.

On April 24, 2007 while Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala was celebrating the first anniversary of the People’s Movement at ‘Shainik Manch’, Kathmandu, and civil society leaders and other political leaders were at Basantapur, Kathmandu for celebration for commemorating the anniversary of the people’s movement, and Gyanendra still holding the title of a king but without any portfolio was performing worship offering the blood of five animals and birds such as water buffalo, goat, sheep, rooster and duck to the almighty goddess Dakshinkali about 25 km to the south of Kathmandu. On that occasion, the Nepali Army played the discarded former national anthem. It looked more like the mockery of the king than a salute but it also might be the indication of the secret deal Girija had with Gyanendra. Some civil society leaders demanded an explanation from the government for such an unusual behavior of some ministries.

On Thursday, April 27, 2007, speaking at an event held by Sanchar Samuha Nepal, NC legislator Binaya Dhwaj Chanda said, "Playing national anthem in honor of the king, who has been rejected by the people and the parliament, was a serious mistake on the part of the government; the action should be protested.” [1]
On April 30, 2007, Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala sought clarification from Chief of Army Staff (CoAS) Rukmangad Katuwal about his ‘meeting’ with King Gyanendra after the ministers during the cabinet meeting on Sunday April 29 raised the question of the ‘secret meeting’ between CoAS Katuwal and King Gyanendra who had been stripped of all powers. CoAS Katuwal refused to speak to journalists after his meeting with Koirala. However, the Nepali Army (NA) refuted media reports that the army chief had met with King. "There is no process whereby the Chief of Army Staff can meet with anyone without government approval," a statement issued by the NA said. The meeting between the Prime Minister and the CoAS was a regular meeting to brief the Prime Minister about the security situation of the country added the NA statement. [2]

Prime Minister Girija must be posturing by questioning the army chief about his widely hyped meeting with the king probably to counteract the Nepalese people’s growing disenchantment of his love for the monarchy at the same time letting the army to play the discarded national anthem in honor of Gyanendra.
On April 26, 2007, addressing a function held to mark the eighth-death anniversary of the first-elected communist Prime Minister, Manmohan Adhikari, Speaker Subhas Chandra Nemwang said he was ready to declare the country a republic from the parliament’s rostrum if all the parties decided to this effect and urged the parties to resolve their differences soon so that the interim parliament could start its business smoothly. Speaking at the same function, CPN-UML General Secretary Madhav Kumar Nepal said that the eight parties must reach a consensus on deciding the future of monarchy either by referendum or through the interim parliament, as constituent assembly polls were uncertain. General Secretary Nepal said that it was possible to declare the country a republic through the interim parliament if all the constituents of the eight parties were ready to do so. [3]

On April 27, 2007, sharply reacting to the readiness of the Speaker to declare Nepal a republic, Peace and Reconstruction Minister and General Secretary of the NC, Ram Chandra Poudel speaking at an event in Nepalgunj said, “The House does not have authority to declare republic as it has already been agreed that the first meeting of the constituent assembly will take a decision on monarchy.” [4]
Nepalis could imagine the intellectual power of Mr. Poudel based on his strong statement about the authority of the House. Probably, he must have forgotten in the rush to protect the monarchy that the revived House had in its Declaration of May 18, 2006 stated “5.1 The rights to make, amend and annul the laws on the heir to the throne shall be vested in the House of Representatives.” And he ignored the agreement the eight parties in the interim government had reached to add a provision in the interim constitution by the second amendment for removing the monarchy by a two-third majority if the King was found to be conspiring against the constituent assembly elections. In addition, the interim legislature even if it was not elected represented the whole nation while the eight parties represented only their party members. They have no authority to speak for the whole nation. All these things indicated the intellectual bankruptcy of Mr. Poudel. Any morally strong person in his place would have resigned from the cabinet.

Then, Finance Minister and NC Member, Dr. Ram Sharan Mahat took the turn to declare that the legislature had no authority to declare Nepal a republic. On April 29, 2007, speaking at a village awareness campaign held by the NC in Aambhanjyang, Makwanpur Dr. Ram Sharan Mahat said, “the eight parties have already agreed in writing that the first meeting of the constituent assembly would decide the fate of monarchy. The parliament cannot declare a republic, against the norms and spirit of the interim constitution.” [5] The intellectual such as Dr. Ram Sharan Mahat had either betrayed his intellectual status or got the order from the party-high command to take the stance on not declaring Nepal a republic.
The NC did not agree to declare Nepal a republic through the legislature and did not want to hold a referendum on the monarchy but stuck with the CA polls that were called off and put to uncertainty. All these things made further clear that the NC wanted to prolong the state of no republic no king to hold on to power as long as possible not willing to understand or deliberately allowing to create an environment conducive to revive the already almost dead monarchy.

On Saturday, April 28, 2007, senior leader of the CPN-Maoist and former commander-in-charge of the Maoist militia, Ram Bahadur Thapa “Badal” addressing the mass rally held by the CPN-Maoist in Pakhribas, Dhanakuta said that the CPN-Maoist was making necessary preparations for the third Jana-andolan for declaring Nepal a republic. He said that foreign and national reactionary forces were undermining the republican set-up. He claimed that the upcoming third Jan- Andolan would finish off the political leaders who had collaborated with the reactionary forces to hatch the conspiracy. He further said that the CPN-Maoist was determined to set up a “Loktantrik” Republican state as Nepalese would not get justice and be free in the real sense of words without a democratic republic. [6]
On April 28, 2007, addressing a training program launched by the Gorkha-Kathmandu Ganatantrik Manch in Banasthali, Kathmandu, Maoist second-in-command, Dr Baburam Bhattarai said that his party would launch a peaceful agitation for an indefinite period if the interim parliament failed to declare the country a republic by the third week of May. His party would announce a series of protests if the interim parliament did not declare republic by that time. “Our efforts will be to generate a consensus among the eight political parties on declaring the country a republic through the interim parliament. If that does not happen, we will forge unity among the leftist and republican forces and declare the country republic by simple majority of the interim parliament,” said Dr. Bhattarai. He further said that the peaceful agitation would be focused on declaring the country a republic; the monarchy must be uprooted to bring an end to the feudal system of economic relations in the society; however, the NC and the NC-D were opposed to the idea, saying that the interim parliament had no rights to take any decision on the monarchy and the constituent assembly would decide on it; they argued that in the interim constitution promulgated on January 15, 2007 there was no constitutional provision for doing so; even if the provision of removing the monarchy by a two-third majority was added to the constitution, the left parties would not have adequate number of votes to overthrow the monarchy without the support of NC and NC-D. [7]

On April 27, 2007, speaking at a Face-to-Face program held by Sanchar Samuha Nepal in Kathmandu, NC student leader Gagan Thapa said that the eight-party government had lost the mandate of people, and the need for again launching a movement for declaring Nepal a republic. ANNFSU vice-chairperson Ram Kumari Jhankri said that the constituent assembly polls would be disrupted if the government failed to take actions against those found guilty by the Rayamajhi Commission. Former president of the Nepal Students Union (NSU) affiliated to the NC, Guru Raj Ghimire said that it was a mistake to administer oath of office to former Chief of Army Staff Pyar Jung Thapa (after the people’s movement) and appoint Rukmangad Katuwal to Chief of Army Staff (after the retirement of Thapa); both of them were found guilty by the Rayamajhi Commission and added that the top leaders should learn from their previous mistakes in a bid to chart new Nepal. [8]
The young generation should takeover to abolish the monarchy totally. The old generation leaders were for preserving the monarchy. Some newspapers started off writing the monarchy was already abolished need not talk about it anymore. Former Minister Nilamber Acharya said that the monarchy was already dead ignoring the palace was still occupied by the so-called king and queen. So, this might be another ploy of Gyanendra to prolong the life of the Shah dynasty as much as possible bribing some journalists and politicians.

On Sunday, April 29, 2007, Chairman of the Madhesi People’s Rights Forum (MPRF), Upendra Yadav went to New Delhi, India to garner the support of the Indian political leaders for the political movement of the MPRF. Upon arrival in New Delhi he said, “We have come here to garner moral support for our demands for declaring Terai a federal autonomous region, establishment of a republic, proportional representation at all state machineries, after the government failed to practically address these demands.” Senior leader of the NC-D, Pradip Giri was acting as a mediator between the Indian leaders and Yadav for their meetings. In the press conference held by Yadav, Pradip Giri said that the MPRF movement was more democratic than the Maoist movement. On Monday, April 30, 2007, Home Minister Krishna Prasad Sitaula suffering from an ear ailment arrived in New Delhi afternoon for treatment at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS). [9]
So, it was not baseless that the Maoists’ accusation of the NC and NC-D were trying to neutralize their influences in the Terai assisting the MPRF in acting against the Maoists. According to the human rights activist, Mathura Prasad Shrestha, MPRF leader Upendra Yadav was a village-level leader only.

NC vice president Sushil Koirala issued a threatening warning to the Maoists saying the continued lack of discipline of the Maoists could trigger a civil war in the country. "Sometimes they carry weapons, sometimes they take out rallies. What happens if the Nepali Army, too, loses its discipline? There will be civil war," NC vice president Koirala said at the event held by Nepal Peasants Association. Speaking at the same function, NC General Secretary Kul Bahadur Gurung condemned the Maoists' demand for the immediate announcement of Nepal a republic. He said republic cannot be declared based on whims. In another event, NC legislator Sujata Koirala warned that if Congress, too, lost its cool, democracy could again be endangered. On Monday, April 30, 2007 talking with the media people in Charikot of the Dolakha district, Mohan Baidya 'Kiran’ accused the NC of conspiring with MPRF to sweep the Maoists away from Madhes (Terai). [10]
While Home Minister Krishna Prasad Sitaula, one of the architects of the ongoing peace process in Nepal was in India for medical treatment, the NC hawks had started off firing salvos against the peace process, and made preparations for another conflict with the advocates of republic probably in conjunction with the Nepali Army.
The enemies of the peace had been trying to undo the peace process widening the difference among the political parties although such difference was a trivial matter compared with the benefits of peace. Nepalis wanted peace but the politicians were for grabbing power and staying on power at any cost to the people. Nepalis did not want Nepal become a slaughter house as had been Iraq since 2002. Therefore, all peace-loving Nepalis make their call to Girija and his clique instead of preserving the most reviled monarchy at any cost to the nation continue the peace process setting the date for an election for a constituent assembly immediately for keeping the aspirations of Nepalis for peace, democracy, republic, proportional representation, autonomy and federalization alive. The intensified activities of the king were the threat to all democracy-minded Nepalese people. So, Nepalis needed to eliminate the monarchy at the soonest possible.

Footnotes:
[1] The Himalayan Times, April 27, 2007, “Army's 21-gun Salute to King Draws Flak”
[2] Nepalnews.com pb Apr 30 07, “PM seeks clarification from CoAS on his ‘meeting’ with King”
[3] The Himalayan Times, April 26, 2007, “Speaker says House can declare republic”
[4] Nepalnews.com mk Apr 27 07 “Parliament cannot announce republic, says Poudel”
[5] The Rising Nepal, April 30, 2007, “House cannot declare a republic”
[6] The Rising Nepal, April 29, 2007 “Third Jan-Andolan in the offing: Badal”
[7] The Himalayan Times, April 28, 2007, “Declare republic by third week of May: Bhattarai”; Nepalnews.com sd Apr 29 07, “Maoists threaten to unleash indefinite agitation”; Ekantipur.com, April 28, 2007, “Stage set for indefinite pro-republican stir: Baburam Bhattarai”
[8] The Rising Nepal, April 28, 2007, “Student leaders demand action against suppressors”
[9] Ekantipur.com, April 30, 2007, “Home Minister Sitaula, MPRF Chairman Yadav in Delhi”
[10] Nepalnews.com sd Apr 30 07, “Congress and Maoist leaders trade charges”

Source: Scoop Articles, May 14, 2007

Catch ’em young, Maoist style

Ambarish Dutta

Alert sounded along the Indo-Nepal

Catch them young" is now the slogan of Maoists in Bihar.
In their bid to regroup after their counterparts in Nepal joined mainstream politics, Maoists here have come out with a new recruitment scheme that revolves around targeting hapless villagers to send a male or female child to join the Red army.
The anti-Naxal wing of the intelligence recently gained access to some documents suggesting the Maoists’ new recruitment scheme.
Villagers, reportedly, refrain from filing missing persons’ complaints as they fear reprisals from Naxal groups.
Sources in the intelligence said that the numerous Islamic terror outfits here are now recruiting children in remote villages, mostly in North Bihar bordering Nepal, to fight their battles.

According to sources, over a dozen schools in central Bihar were shut down in the recent past following Maoist threats as it was education which could prevent children from being misguided by them in the name of revolution.
The Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) and the local police have already sounded an alert along the Indo-Nepal border against the possible arms infiltration in the border districts which include east and west Champaran, Sitamari, Sheohar and Madhubani.
Sources said that the infiltration of arms was planned in view of the warning by the Nepal Government to the Maoists there to hand over arms or face stern action.
The police and intelligence agencies are trying to verify whether the recent attack on Riga in Sitamari near Nepal border by the Maoists was a planned to create panic among the people and the police for safe transport and dumping of a portion of arms belonging to Nepali Maoists.

Source: The Tribune, May 14, 2007

Poll postponement: Parties should follow people’s mandate

Sagar S Rana

Source: The Himalayan Times, May 15, 2007

NEPAL: A GRIM PICTURE

Bhumika Ghimire

Recently Nepal celebrated one year anniversary of the historic April revolution. Looking at the excitement in the eyes of people gathered across the nation to celebrate the day, one could say that finally Nepal is in the path towards achieving its great destiny. But it looks like the road ahead for Nepal and its people is going to be a bumpy one despite all the excitement and hope.
On May 1, Prachanda, leader of the Maoists has threatened that unless monarchy is abolished by mid May, his comrades will be holding mass protest. Whoever thought that inviting the battled hardened guerrillas to join parliament would cure them of their old ways was seriously mistaken.

Since the April 2006 revolution, the Maoists have been unable to show they understand how democracy really works and that they are willing to act accordingly. For instance take their threat of mass protest (a.k.a. making normal people's life as tough as possible), ongoing campaign of intimidation and extortion. What is it going to take for the comrades to understand that beating up people who do not agree with them or threatening violence if their demands are not met is not real democracy? I wonder why their friends in India (namely Sita Ram Yechuri), who by the way come to interfere in Nepal's internal matter as if we were their protectorate or "soon to be state", did not tell them their ways are not acceptable if they want to claim to be democratic. Listen Yechuri! The seven party alliances, your friends out of jungle are still the same violent, disrespectful and un-democratic mass.
To add to this situation, Terai is agitated with demands for equal rights and representation. The movement is a welcome sign of awakening and empowerment in the long neglected region. But like every other thing going on in Nepal this too comes with a price.

Terai is now seeing violence in scale not see before, there are people with convoluted agenda who are spearing communal hate and the close relation between MJF leader and India is looking menacing. Maoists’ inability to be truly democratic and situation in Terai will have far reaching effect in Nepal and its position as an independent nation. Both they have invited increased interference from India; economy is in shamble, social fabric is being hurt.
Talking about hurting social fabric, the decision to declare Nepal a secular state, behind all the praise from international community and rights activists seems to cutting deep into our long held traditions and beliefs. Don't get me wrong, I am all for religious freedom but it is truly sad to see the leaders under a false belief that declare a nation secular is the ultimate in ensuring religious freedom. Even before Nepal was secular, the country had been praised for its tolerance for religious other than Hinduism. So why did the nation felt so compelled to be secular? Well, there are elements within the power structure who believe more in dress-up democracy rather than working to have a real democracy.

Nepal being secular is now been seen in evangelic community as an opportunity to convert people to Christianity. Churches are mushrooming across Nepal. People in the villages who have been neglected for long by the government are now being lured into Christianity with big hopes and dreams of prosperity.
Nothing bad per se but there is something inherently wrong here. Religion is not a business and you can not trade god like some used goods, expecting to make a great deal in the trade. I mean Jesus was a great man, great teacher but trust me he would not approve of this trend where his name is being abused by people. Evangelicals are treating Christianity like a commodity and using it to get more people on their side, which is truly sad for anyone who believes in god.
Not so fast, don't call me anti-Christian yet. I will oppose to any "re-conversion" drive, similar to that championed by the BJP and VHP in India.
Now all hopes to make Nepal better is pinned up in being a Republic. Let’s see how that works out? I mean "republic" should fix Nepal in second right? After all, most rich, industrialized and free nations are republic?

Source: American Chronicle, May 15, 2007

Letter to SPA & Maoist leadership

We, the concerned citizens and supporters of Nepal placed our trust in the Seven Party Alliance just over a year ago. It was our hope that the leadership entrusted with bringing Nepal into a new era of democracy and freedom through the Jana Andolan movement would continue in the spirit of last year’s demonstrations and re-introduce effective and competent governance to Nepal. Since that time we have been saddened to observe a return to the same style of ineptitude, corruption and political bickering that marked the previous 15 years under this same leadership. Under your tenure of the past year, Nepal has begun to spiral downwards towards anarchy and the complete disregard for the rule of law; threatening not only Nepal’s sovereignty, but the very safety of its citizens. It is because of this current untenable situation that we now must withdraw our support for your leadership and express our opinion of “no confidence” towards this Prime Minister and Parliament.

We also hereby refuse to cooperate or give legitimacy to any force that uses brutality and coercion as a mean of furthering their agenda under the guise of restructuring Nepal, be it Maoism or any other movement. We strongly object to welcoming such groups into government with their violent adherence to their own sense of ideological supremacy undeterred and unchanged by our constitutionally established rules of governance.
Your failed leadership has contributed greatly to the present dire security situation in Nepal. It is to this fact that we must demand that the Prime Minister and Parliament suspend its operation and immediately refrain from further deliberations or acts of governance.

We demand that the National Army (NA), or any legitimate security force requested, begin operations that will directly lead to the restoration of law and order and peace in Nepal. These operations include establishing the active presence of NA forces wherever possible, a committment to fair adjudication of disputes and the active suppression and confiscation of all firearms displayed publicly by those not directly employed in Nepal's army or police or authorized security services.

Concerned Citizens and Supporters of Nepal

Source: Nepalnow Blog, May 14, 2007

Chewing On Koirala’s 20-Percent Kernel

The monarchy, according to Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala’s fresh calculation in Biratnagar, has shrunk to a fifth of its pre-April Uprising size. With the Chinese ambassador having formalized the premier’s concurrent status as head of state, Koirala is perhaps being a little generous – even allowing for his hometown-induced exuberance.This reckoning is bound to enrage Prachanda further. The former (and soon to be?) rebels were already warding off the wrath of fellow Reds in the UML for having registered a proposal in the interim legislature to abolish the monarch without, so to speak, due process.Illustrating his point, Koirala explained to reporters that King Gyanendra was busy visiting temples and so on as part of a long but inexorable path to citizenry. The monarch, according to other sources, may be doing so as part of his elaborate but surreptitious coronation.Over a year after his regime collapsed, King Gyanendra reportedly maintains his executive-monarch schedule. He maintains regular office hours, voraciously reads newspapers and magazines, meets with people from different backgrounds and attends to household responsibilities.Between October 2002 and April 2006, King Gyanendra didn’t seem terribly excited about scheduling a coronation. True, a few auspicious dates were being thrown around, but little else. With the monarchy in suspension, even facing the prospect of abolition if the Maoists have their way, this could hardly seem a propitious time for a coronation.On the other hand, a king so overt with his religiosity and ritualism could not have envisaged such a seminal event without proper sanction from the planets and constellations.What about the secrecy? Hanuman Dhoka Palace, the traditional venue of coronations, hasn’t shown signs of the festivities. Is the surreptitiousness in conformity with the stars, too?Or is the old palace being readied for a new role? One report a few weeks ago said it was being set up as the secretariat of a new royal regime once the Young Communist Leaguers finally shed their civvies. Narayanhity Palace, so prompt in rebutting all manner of speculation, has been silent on this one.And rumors are flying in all directions. Now we are told that the United Nations has made contingency plans to evacuate its staff to New Delhi should things get any worse. Clearly, the organization remains seared by the August 2003 attack on its premises in Baghdad, which claimed several international civil servants, including the top UN official responsible for Iraq. The UN had refused to relocate to Amman, citing that the anti-American groups would remember that the international organization had tried to prevent the invasion until the very end.Unlike the ex-Baathists, jihadists or whoever the attackers were, our Maoists have already accused the UN of doing Uncle Sam’s bidding in Nepal. Of late, Prachanda has been warning against efforts to undermine the Maoists. His one-time mentor, Mohan Baidya, has candidly explained why a republic cannot await a constituent assembly: national and international forces are creating anarchy to sway public opinion towards the relevance of the monarchy.As for Koirala, well, he’s too consummate a politician to have blurted out that 20-percent figure for nothing. The Chinese ambassador’s bow and stretched hands may have symbolized the loss of a power the monarchy had enjoyed even under the Ranas. But Koirala knows the envoy was acting in conformity with an interim constitution reflecting the tentativeness of all things Nepali.The premier’s real message from Biratnagar this time, as far as Maila Baje is concerned, is his warning to legislators stalling house proceedings of an onset of a dictatorship. The last time we heard someone make that prophesy in the midst of political bickering and Maoist machinations, we were merely months away from February 1, 2005. And, let’s not forget, communications minister Mohammed Mohsin was just the spokesman for the government.

Source: The Nepali Netbook Blog, May 14, 2007

NEPAL: KOIRALA CRITICIZED BY COMMUNISTS

The UML (United Marxist Leninist) parliamentarians in a bid to protest Prime Minister Koirala’s role in functioning of the government, abandoned the parliamentary proceedings, Monday.
However, analysts claim that the need for fleeing from the parliamentary proceedings came as the UML parliamentary party had recently issued a whip order not to disrupt the proceedings any more. Analysts say it was more of an intra-party feud than anything else. Madhav Nepal must have felt the heat.
The UML parliamentary party nevertheless viewed the need for the rejection of the proceedings to protest against Koirala instead by claiming that he was not very serious in finding a solution to the current parliamentary deadlock.
Now Koirala should feel the heat.
The UML leader Bharat Mohan Adhikari criticizing the PM for his trip to his home town said that Koirala headed for Biratnagar without any agenda. Such irresponsible acts were tarnishing Nepal’s image in the world, Mr. Adhikari fumed.
Currently the Madhesi parliamentarians from the NC-D, the Sadvawana Party and the RPP (Rastriya Prajatantra Party) plus the Maoists forwarding various demands are halting the parliamentary proceedings.
Interestingly, the Madhesi Parliamentarians from the NC-Girija and the Maoists did not take part in halting the parliamentary proceedings on Monday.
The Maoist chief-whip Dina Nath Sharma maintained that his party did not felt the need to gherao the rostrum as it was already occupied by parliamentarians belonging to other parties. May 15, 2007

Source: The Telegraph Nepal, May 15, 2007

Maoists not helping my job: PM

BIRATNAGAR, May 14 - Reiterating that the country has already embarked on the path to republicanism, Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala Monday said that the nation would become a republic the day the king becomes non-existent with all his powers stripped off.
PM Koirala further claimed that the king's existence has been reduced to a mere "20 percent".
Talking to journalists at his hometown Biratnagar, Koirala said that 80 per cent task to declare Nepal a republic has been finished and that Nepal would have full democracy the day the remaining 20 per cent of the task is over.
"The king is visiting temples, making sacrifices ? 20 per cent of him is still (felt) there," the PM said.
PM Koirala said that a new date for the CA polls would be decided through an eight- party meeting upon his return to the capital.
PM Koirala currently is in Biratngar, where he reached yesterday on a three-day rest-break.
PM Koirala today confided that the Maoists' lack of experience in democratic exercises was not helping his job as the Prime Minister.
Hinting at the Maoists, the premier asked the journalists gathered at his Biratnagar residence how appropriate it was for the activists of a revolutionary party to beat up women and lock in one of their own leader while inebriated.
Likewise, venting ire over remarks that the elections cannot be held even in mid-November, PM Koirala said, "The elections will take place by mid-November and as long as I am here, I will not allow the eight-party unity to break at any cost".
Flaying the accusations that the eight-party meeting was not getting off ground due to the Prime Minister, he said, "It is not because of the prime minister that the eight-party meeting has not happened? ? it is the prime minister who is keeping the eight parties alive".
Stating that he would issue whips to the Nepali Congress (NC) parliamentarians directing them not to disrupt parliamentary proceedings on his return to the capital, the PM warned of "birth of dictatorship" if the Interim Legislature-Parliament proceedings continued to be disrupted.
Amid demands for Home Minister Krishna Prasad Sitaula's resignation from within the NC rank and file, the PM said that the minister would be relieved of his duties the day he "ceased to be of use".
PM Koirala also met with security heads of the eastern region this morning and directed them to streamline the security deployment in the region.

Source: The Kantipuronline, May 15, 2007

Wednesday, 9 May 2007

Eight-Party Alliance : Unity A Must

Geja Sharma Wagle

Following the uncertainty of the much awaited constituent assembly (CA) election, the coalition partners of the Eight-Party Alliance (EPA) seem to have been engaging on the futile debate regarding the CA polls date and declaration of a republic setup. The major left partners of the EPA ? the CPN-UML and CPN-Maoist have been demanding the immediate declaration of the fresh date for the CA polls. Moreover, they have been demanding the declaration of a republic state through the sovereign interim legislature because even after the establishment of democracy the palace is still conspiring against the hard-earned democracy, people's rights, and the CA polls. Likewise, as per their analysis, as long as feudal and autocratic monarchy remains neither there will be the CA polls nor will political stability come about.

Analysis

Leaders of the CPN-UML and CPN-Maoist have revealed that establishing a democratic republic through the CA election was a fundamental basis of the unity of the EPA. As analyzed by CPN-Maoist Chairman Prachanda ? due to the conspiracy of the palace, to hold the CA polls in July is not possible and has already been declared by the Election Commission (EC). Prachanda has even warned that the existence of the unity will be over and they will commence another people's movement, if the interim legislature does not declare a republic state by abolishing the autocratic monarchy. But the democratic parties ? the Nepali Congress (NC) and the Nepali Congress- Democratic (NC-D) do not seem to have been positive towards declaring a republic from the interim legislature. Considering the political implication of the declaration, Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala and former Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba have opined that as responsible political forces of the nation the EPA should follow and respect the spirit and letters of the interim constitution that has been okayed by the eight parties. The leadership of the NC and the NC-D seem to be committed that the fate of the king should be decided by the first meeting of the constituent assembly as per the interim constitution. Likewise, they have opined that all the political parties should remain united for holding the CA election and against the regressive and anti democratic forces.

In fact, the unwanted debate of the coalition partners regarding the declaration of the republic through the interim legislature and holding the CA polls has unnecessarily causing negative impacts on the fragile transitional peace process and the future of the EPA coalition. Questions are being raised as to the continued unity of the EPA. Will the CA polls be held in time or not? Will the political parties really start a power struggle? In fact, the backdrop of the controversies may be a result of the unification of the regressive and autocratic forces to conspire and attack against the achievements of the movements, people's rights, and the CA polls. Nepal is passing through a historical transitional phase. But history and the next generation will never excuse the EPA leaders, if the newly established democracy does not become sustainable and the CA election is not held in time. Therefore, it is not a time for futile debates and disagreements amongst the coalition partners. It is a high time for dialogue, agreement, and reconciliation among the coalition partners so as to establish a liberal, democratic, and egalitarian society.

However, the political parties have their own political agendas and might have their own election strategy. But having their own political agendas the Seven-Party Alliance (SPA) and the Maoists had agreed to promulgate the interim constitution and had signed the various agreements in the past for establishing complete democracy, permanent peace, and progressive transformation of the state. In the transitional period, they must have common policies, strategies, and programs for the sake of institutional development of democracy and establishing people's supremacy. Therefore, the EPA must sort out their disagreements and differences as per the sprit of the interim constitution, democratic principles, and the mandate of the movement. If the much-awaited CA polls are to be held and a new constitution is to be drafted, the EPA needs to remain united by putting aside their differences. The EPA and the government should respect the wishes of the people and act according to the mandate of the movement. They must develop the coalition culture to run the coalition government and should take unanimous decisions regarding all political issues. They, thus, should immediately declare the fresh date for the CA elections and sort out their differences amicably considering the fluid political situation and the possible implication of the EPA differences.

ProblemsThere are still many political, constitutional, social, economic, and cultural problems yet to be resolved before the CA polls. The Terai, Chure-Bhawar, and ethnic community's rights movements have created the serious problems for the CA polls and they have to be resolved urgently by the interim government. Likewise, restructuring of the state, democratization of the Nepal Army, establishing people's supremacy are the complex issues that the EPA should focus on. Therefore, unity is a must for the future of democracy, people's rights, and the CA polls.

Source: The Rising Nepal, May 9, 2007

Welfare Of Senior Citizens

MINISTER for Women, Children and Social Welfare Khadga Bahadur Bishwokarma has underlined the need for carrying out especial programmes for the welfare of senior citizens in the country. Inaugurating a workshop organised to solicit suggestions for laws concerning the rights and interest of the senior citizens, Minister Bishwokarma said that it is the duty of all people to respect senior citizens. The situation and condition of the senior citizens in Nepal is unsatisfactory to say the least. As the people get older and become unable to work, they are often neglected by their own family members. Despite having family members, many senior citizens live pitiable lives. As they are neglected, they take refugee in the old age homes. However, there are few homes for the elderly people. The absence of necessary laws is attributed to the sorry state of the senior citizens. In many countries of the world, especially in the West, senior citizens get special allowances, which are sufficient for their livelihood.

But Nepal does not have such a policy. A decade ago, a system of providing allowances to senior citizens over 75 years was introduced, but the money is so meagre that it does not help meet their basic needs. The social attitude is important for improving the condition of the senior citizens. The younger generation should own the responsibility of taking care of the older generation. For this, a legal mechanism is necessary, which would make it mandatory for the younger generation to take special care of the senior citizens. So far, the senior citizens are being neglected not only by their families but also by the state. There are laws concerning the rights of all sectors including children, women, Dalits and others. But there is no specific law for the protection and promotion of the rights of the senior citizens. Senior citizens also have the right to live dignified lives and be cared for by their family members and the society. Many senior citizens have been denied this right. This is a denial of a universal human right. Considering all these factors, the government is now working to draft a law for the rights and interests of the senior citizens, for which suggestions are being solicited from all sectors. The law for the senior citizens is necessary, and protecting their rights is a must. The society and the state should be sensitive towards the welfare of the senior citizens, and necessary programmes must be brought about for this.

Source: The Rising Nepal, May 9, 2007

A Show Of Firmness

Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala articulated his unshakeable belief in democratic and republican values and maintained that a republic Nepal could not be established by pious wishes alone. He made it clear that a republican Nepal should be a long-term goal to be attained through a gradual process. A sudden and quick proclamation of a republic Nepal without the necessary preparations to strengthen the basis for instituting total republican values will not yield good results. Airing his views as part of the valedictory address at the conclusion of the national conclave held for the district-level party chiefs and functionaries, Prime Minister Koirala mentioned that the government was responsible for maintaining law and order in the country. He warned against attempts and tendencies to undermine and weaken the security situation and remarked that the government was fully committed to checkmate such activities with a firm hand .

The prime minister called upon the stakeholders concerned to lend a helping hand to the government in facilitating the process for holding the constituent assembly polls as this is the crucial need of the hour to take the peace building and democratisation process forward. Prime Minister Koirala 's reiteration of the commitment to maintain law and order and conduct election to the constituent assembly should be hailed, as delaying the polls could mean a prolonged transition phase in the country's politics. Some elements may not be in favour of the smooth organisation and implementation of the polls for a constituent assembly, and they may contribute to disturbing the process. Moreover, despite calls and requests by the government, strikes and agitation have been resorted to in different parts of the country. Should such a situation continue, political stability may elude the country for long. The onus is on the Maoists especially to co-operate with the government both in letter and spirit to ensure that the polls are held in a free and fair environment. It is time the government consulted the Election Commission to set the date for the polls and announced and authenticated proper and effective designs for the polls. This alone will usher in an era of peace and prosperity in the country.

Source: The Rising Nepal, May 9, 2007

Together For Humanity

Indra Adhikari

World Red Cross Day was marked globally Tuesday with diverse activities. "Together for Humanity" was the theme of this year's events. In Nepal, different activities were carried out at the local, regional and national level to mark the day in memory of Jean Henry Dunant, the philanthropist, who generated ideas of a relief society, such as the Red Cross, and the international agreements, now popularly known as the International Humanitarian Law (IHL), in particular, the Geneva Conventions.Dignity Moreover, World Red Cross Day reminds both state and non-state parties of their obligation to respect the IHL and ensure the protection of life and respect for the dignity of civilians. May 8 also encourages Red Cross volunteers and staff to fully commit themselves to the role of reducing the vulnerability posed by armed conflict as well as natural and technological disasters in the world.Over a century and a half have elapsed since the armies of Austria and France fought ruthlessly at Solferino in Italy in 1859. About 40,000 soldiers were left dead and wounded. Thousands of soldiers from both the sides were left for want of medical care. Dunant, a Swiss businessman, was highly disturbed by the sight of the war and appealed to the local people to impartially take care of the wounded soldiers. Volunteers under Dunant's leadership provided humanitarian services to the best of their capacity.

More importantly, based on his ideas, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) came into being to protect and assist the victims of armed conflicts in 1963. Thus, events to mark May 8 are a tribute to the philanthropists, Dunant and his team, who gave birth to the Red Cross.In the course of achieving the goal of protection and providing assistance, 192 states have signed the Geneva Conventions, under which they have committed to establish national Red Cross societies. Today there are 185 national Red Cross and Red Crescent societies globally. Moreover, the International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent societies has been working for better co-ordination and co-operation among the Red Cross and non-Red Cross partners to respond to the emergencies - social, natural or technological - since 1991. The international Federation is mandated particularly for disaster management and capacity building of the national societies. Nepal, as a signatory of the Geneva Conventions (August 12, 1949), accepted to formally establish the Nepal Red Cross Society (NRCS) in 1963. Recognised by the ICRC and admitted by the international Federation as a member, the NRCS has grown to be the largest humanitarian network across the country. The Red Cross' strong co-operation with the government, UN agencies and other stakeholders is essential in dealing with crises that no single government or organisation alone can tackle, such as the rising challenges posed by catastrophes, conflicts, health emergencies and migration.

In a country like Nepal, if there is armed conflict or armed conflict with natural disaster, by expertise and experience, the ICRC plays a lead role. If there is large-scale disaster, the international Federation plays a lead role, and the national Red Cross societies work with both by mobilising their volunteers. Like most Red Cross and Red Crescent activities during peace and normal times, the NRCS also operates regular activities, such as blood transfusion service, eye hospital and eye care, ambulance service, first aid service, dissemination of IHL, promotion of humanitarian values, volunteer management, disaster preparedness, water and sanitation, HIV/AIDS prevention, and dozens of community-level interventions to reduce social and economic vulnerabilities. These programmes benefit over a million and a half vulnerable people every year on average. The main role of the national society is to complement the government in its development efforts.

Thus the Red Cross or Red Crescent movement works for one central purpose - to prevent and alleviate human suffering, without discrimination, and to protect human dignity. Red Cross Red Crescent activities worldwide must follow fundamental principles, like humanity, impartiality, neutrality, independence, voluntary service, unity and universality.The Red Cross Red Crescent movement has actively involved over 100 million members and volunteers in its mission to respond to armed conflicts, and emergencies like natural and technological disasters throughout the world. The NRCS alone has about a million members and volunteers across Nepal. MDGsThe global movement is committed to achieving the target set by the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which is applicable to the NRCS in the local context. The NRCS has been working with governments, donors and humanitarian agencies, public and private sectors and individuals at times of humanitarian crisis. Being guided by the seven principles, it always desires to work 'together for humanity' for tackling challenges posed by conflicts, health emergencies, poverty and migration.

Source: The Rising Nepal, May 9, 2007

Eight Party Unity : Prudence, Accountability Needed

Ritu Raj Subedi

Nepal's ongoing peace process has faced another jolt after the major allies in the eight-party alliance split over the future political course of the country. There are divergent views among them, as they have failed to announce a new date for the constituent assembly (CA) polls. The existing deadlock has been further heightened with the CPN-Maoist threatening to launch a fresh agitation to put pressure for the announcement of a republic from the legislature-parliament. While the Nepali Congress (NC) sticks to the provision in the interim statute to decide the issue of monarchy through the CA polls, the CPN-UML is softly backing the Maoist call to declare the country a republic prior to the CA polls. Blame GameWhen the Election Commission (EC) revealed that it could not conduct the CA polls on June 20, a date set by the first meeting of the eight-party government, on technical grounds, it sent ripples in Nepalese politics. The EC announcement came as a blow to the eight-party alliance that is still struggling to find a way out. It also exposed the inertia of the coalition government. The EC had been urging the government to enact the necessary laws and regulations needed for the CA polls, but the parties had diverted from their central responsibility. As the commission dropped its bombshell, it triggered a blame game among the allies. The UML fired salvos against Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala, saying that he must shoulder responsibility for the government's failure. But the NC wants the responsibility to be shared by all members of the alliance. The UML has been calling for an eight-party meeting to end the impasse.

The CPN-Maoist has been remarkably annoyed. Maoist chairman Prachanda threatened to start another uprising if Nepal is not declared a republic by the parliament. This must have shaken the foundation of the eight-party unity. The Maoists sense a conspiracy behind the deferral of the CA polls. Haunted by the king's deceptive moves to foil the CA polls 50 years ago, it argued that until the king stays, elections to draft a new constitution can never take place. The disturbing activities by the Maoist youth wing - Young Communist League - across the country can be interpreted as reflection of the Maoist's growing restlessness. The debate over the means of removing the king has taken a new turn. The NC says the interim constitution has already shelved the matter with its provision to oust the king by a simple majority of the CA members at its first meeting. But the Maoists want to go a step ahead and do not want to wait for the result of the CA polls to seal the fate of the king. By doing so, they are challenging a popular logic that the people should be allowed to give their verdict on the 238-year-old institution. If they fail to use a plausible method to root the king out, he will be left with some space to play against loktantra, says the NC. The Maoists defy it on the basis that the mandate of the April movement was for a democratic republic that has no room for the monarchy. Thus, there will be no political problem in announcing a republic before the CA polls, they say.

Source: The Rising Nepal, May 9, 2007

Drinking water management: Can privatisation solve all problems?

Ram Kumar Bhandari

The World Bank and the Asian Development Bank are the largest financiers of water projects in low-income countries, and the most important international institutions in policy-making for the water sector. They see the solution to meeting people’s basic requirements lying in private sector — not in public institutions. Through loan conditions, political influence, and direct subsidies for transnationals, they are actively pursuing the privatisation of water supply infrastructure, distribution, service operation, and testing facilities. ADB is now a major financier of water sector in Nepal and influencing its water policies while ignoring the public and their right to water.The pursuit of corporate interests often conflicts with public interests. Entrusting private sector with the provision of water supply and energy has, in many instances, caused social, political, economic and environmental damage. In many cases, companies have knowingly allowed such damages.

In Nepal, the water-sector is not transparent and participatory in terms of reporting, publicising relevant issues, appraising benefits, clarifying the roles of government and donors, budgeting and formulating state policies and local strategies to manage and develop water resources. But the political leadership is silent on this matter.The 1990s was the decade of water privatisation and failed experiences. It was expected to bring greater efficiency and lower prices, attract greater investment and extend water and sanitation to the poor. The actual experience has been very different. The expansion of private water companies in the 1990s was supported by the World Bank and other institutions to transform developing countries into market-oriented economies. It entered the countries of Eastern Europe with a wave of water concessions: in the Czech republic and Hungary, in Latin America, especially Argentina, where a series of water management systems of major cities were privatised. The same was done in Manila and Jakarta.

Companies failed to invest much and private investments in infrastructure were falling by the end of the 1990s. The investment of development banks also decreased. Prices rose to reflect the return on capital. When targets specified in contracts were not met, contracts were revised rather than enforced. Regulators lacked the authority and competence to control companies. The privatised water operators in Argentina are now bankrupt and despite all the support for private water sector in Latin America, they have performed no better than public sector operators.Manila and Jakarta, both with private operators, have worse levels of water loss as compared to the large cities where water is managed by public sector. India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Cambodia have had the same kind of experiences. As a result, there is growing opposition to water privatisation.

But still water supply services for Kathmandu Valley are being privatised as per ADB’s loan conditionalities. Although ADB views water as a ‘socially vital’ economic good, it extols the virtues of private investment. It argues that water should be allocated to and used by those who can best afford it. Furthermore, ADB supports establishment of markets for transferable water rights, policies, programmes and projects of IFIs, endangering people’s right to water.In Nepal, too, there has been a growing opposition to water privatisation from different quarters. The reason is that when water is privatised, only those who can pay get clean water. Moreover, privatisation has not improved efficiency, though it has increased tariffs without service obligations. Multinationals will only add to our debt.

The privatisation wave of the 1990s has made clear that the water needs of the poor should not be left in the hands of profit-oriented, transnational corporations. In cities around the world, water corporations have failed to deliver promised improvements and have raised water tariffs beyond the reach of the poor. Hence, foreign experiences in water privatisation must be studied carefully before coming to any conclusion on the water privatisation bill now in the parliament. Before passing it, the interim parliament must deliberate on the issue vigorously.Rather than embrace privatisation, the country should adopt a people-centred management approach, granting greater autonomy to public utilities and municipalities, and involving cooperatives and communities in the management and distribution of water. Water should be recognised as a public service and human right, and not an economic good. Nepal must learn lessons from other countries and our policies should be based on developing sound institutional and operating principles — including transparent and participatory systems of accountability — rather than privatisation. Democratic and community involvement in water management decisions is essential.Bhandari is involved in social research

Source: The Himalayan Times, May 9, 2007

INCLUSIVE DEMOCRATIC NEPAL

Tuesday, 15 May 2007

Motion In The House

More Share To Women

Prachanda warns against undermining Maoist strength

Republicanism new basis for 8-party unity: Prachanda

Environment Conservation And Development

Nepal's Maoist Militia In Mufti

Koirala's Stand On Monarchy : Republic, But Gradually

Social standing

Nepal: People’s Third Movement In The Offing

Catch ’em young, Maoist style

Poll postponement: Parties should follow people’s mandate

NEPAL: A GRIM PICTURE

Letter to SPA & Maoist leadership

Chewing On Koirala’s 20-Percent Kernel

NEPAL: KOIRALA CRITICIZED BY COMMUNISTS

Maoists not helping my job: PM

Wednesday, 9 May 2007

Eight-Party Alliance : Unity A Must

Welfare Of Senior Citizens

A Show Of Firmness

Together For Humanity

Eight Party Unity : Prudence, Accountability Needed

Drinking water management: Can privatisation solve all problems?

Search This Blog

Email Subscriptions powered by FeedBlitz

Labels

Links

Nepal Watch

Blog Archive

Banner